Hirose H, Sakuma N, Kaji N, Suhara T, et al. (2006)

The authors exposed two types of human cells to RFR similar to that used in the International Mobile Telecommunication 2000 (IMT-2000) cellular system. The human cells used were A172 strain (from a glioblastoma) and IMR-90 fibroblast cells (from fetal lung tissue). The A172 cells were exposed to W-CDMA radiation at SARs of 80, 250, and 800 mW/kg and CW radiation at a SAR of 80 mW/kg for 24 or 48 hours. The IMR-90 cells were exposed to both W-CDMA and CW radiation at 80 mW/kg for 28 hours.

No significant differences were seen in the percentage of apoptotic cells that were RFR-exposed or sham-exposed.

No significant differences were seen in expression levels of phosphorylated p53 or of total p53. This gene is a tumour suppressor protein and many agents cause apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner.

Similarly, microarray hybridization and real-time RT-PCR analysis showed no noticeable differences in gene expression of the subsequent downstream targets of p53 signaling involved in apotosis.